Calcium and magnesium salt are low soluble in water, known as hardness. In case of temperature or pH increase, these salt get precipitated to cause scaling. In case total dissolved solids in water are within the limits of application, the calcium and magnecium ions are exchanged with sodium ions and this process is known as softening. As a result, total dissolved solids remain same, but get converted in form of highly soluble sodium salt.
The softening unit consist of cation exchanger which is regenerated with sodium chloride salt, for restoring sodium ions in resin bed. Its application mainly for cooling and low pressure boiler feed.
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